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ICT
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a constantly and rapidly evolving technological advancement that aims to increase the connectivity of our daily activities. IoT enables more effective and informed decision-making through improved data analysis and increased interconnectedness.
Decent Work And Economic Growth
Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure
Description
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a continuously and rapidly growing technological innovation, aimed at making our daily activities more digitally connected. Through greater interconnected and better data analysis, IoT allows for more efficient, as well as more well-informed, decision-making capacity.
This is done by making everyday physical objects internet-enabled, through their combination with sensors, processing capabilities and other software which allows for the sharing and interexchange of data. This process promises ‘to transform the way we work, live and play’ (Singhania, 2015). This merging of the physical and the virtual allows for the delivery of more innovative smart city solutions to real-world urban problems. At the forefront of the digital transformation, IoT can help in all sorts of scenarios, from traffic congestion to smart home monitoring, energy efficiency, and a wide range of security matters.
Currently, however, although there are a whole variety of IoT-enabled devices on the market, many of which have been implemented to help improve municipal infrastructure, the potential of the technology is often not reached. This results from there being various network and device standards, which limit the capacity of devices not sharing these standards to interconnect, speak to each other, and thus share data for optimal network capacity. The answer to this is Enhanced or Interoperable IoT, allowing for seamless integration and interconnectivity of IoT-enabled devices, vastly expanding the potential for this technology usage in smart city problem-solving.
Many urban technology solutions can work better and more effectively when they are working together within a connected system. For instance, commuters would benefit from knowing the best route to take with up-to-date traffic information, whilst also knowing the current parking spaces status. Without data feedback from all the involved devices, such information cannot be provided reliably. However, there is no universal standard for IoT-enabled devices due to the relative newness of the technology. This reduces the ability of devices to connect together and share data, essentially limiting the capacity of IoT solutions. This problem must be resolved to harness the true potential of internet-enabled technologies.
One of the benefits of IoT is to track the use of devices through data analysis. This can help to limit the energy inefficiency of devices used across a wide variety of activities. IoT also allows for devices to be controlled, or limited in their usage, remotely. Without internet-connected devices, or without those which can communicate with each other, the sharing of important data for the analysis of city infrastructure is severely limited. Without such analysis, it will remain unclear how well urban infrastructure and smart city solutions are operating.
Benefits show tangibly how implementation of a Solution can improve the city or place.
GDPR compliant data from IoTs of all kinds Efficient usage of assets Improved monitoring and analysis capabilities Overall improved Smart City technologies implementation
Potential benefits
Enabling new business opportunities
Increasing safety
Collecting valuable data and real-time information
Functions
Functions help you to understand what the products can do for you and which ones will help you achieve your goals.
Each solution has at least one mandatory function, which is needed to achieve the basic purpose of the solution, and several additional functions, which are features that can be added to provide additional benefits.
Mandatory functions
Collection Data from Device Environment
Online Monitoring of Connected Devices
Potential functions
Positioning and Tracking
Remote Maintenance
Decision Support
Statistical Reporting
Variants
A variant is generally something that is slightly different from other similar things. In the context of Solutions, variants are different options or possibly sub-fields/branches by which the Solution may be implemented, e.g. different technological options.
Description
This is the basic version of IoT, where devices are installed as part of a localised innovation which has a limited scope e.g. smart home IoT network. The devices connect to each other within this closed technological system, but often remain disconnected from the wider network due to lack of interoperability or preference.
Source: Abbas, Zeeshan & Yoon, Wonyong. (2015). A Survey on Energy Conserving Mechanisms for the Internet of Things: Wireless Networking Aspects. Sensors. 15. 24818-24847. 10.3390/s151024818.
Supporting City Context
Such a form of IoT can be easily implemented with limited support from city authorities, as interoperability or wider connectivity is not essential for effective usage.
Use Cases
Air
Health
Clean Air for Students
A natural moss filter with smart IoT technology was implemented in Hampstead Hill School to improve the local air quality.
This project is a key part of Aberdeen's digital transformation. The City COuncil has invested in a £9.7 million seven-year rolling programme of replacing the old inefficient and expensive street lighting with more efficient and cost-effective LED lighting.
In this IoT model, all the interconnected devices share standards, ensuring that their ability to share data and harness such gathered information is simplified.
Source: Mehmood, Faisal, Shabir Ahmad, and DoHyeun Kim. 2019. "Design and Implementation of an Interworking IoT Platform and Marketplace in Cloud of Things" Sustainability 11, no. 21: 5952. doi.org/10.3390/su11215952
Supporting City Context
An example of this is Singapore, where clear standards have been put in place by the city governing authorities. This ensures that all smart city innovations here share the same standards for IoT enabled devices.
Description
With this variant of IoT, a smart system is implemented, whereby all IoT devices can operate and interconnect with each other, regardless of the devices and manufacturer standards.
Source: Ryu, Minwoo & Kim, Jaeho & Yun, Jaeseok. (2015). Integrated Semantics Service Platform for the Internet of Things: A Case Study of a Smart Office. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). 15. 2137-60. 10.3390/s150102137.
Supporting City Context
The city in question must be proactive in setting up such a platform or system, ensuring that the various IoT enabled devices in place across the infrastructure can be connected.
Use Cases
ICT
Air
Building
Facility Management for Datacenters
Data centres utilise a lot of energy for operations, especially for cooling. The open data sharing and harmonised data models will allow a competitive edge. Profirator has deployed the FIWARE based platform for Contrasec and Luolakallio and has maintained them for more than a year.
Know Your Snow: Live Snow Plow Solution to Find Out in Real-Time Which Roads are Cleared of Snow
Track snow removal in real-time with intelligent mapping technology. Accessible online, see which areas have been cleared and which are still being worked on. Improve planning, safety, and efficiency with real-time snow removal mapping.
Real-Time Air quality & Mobility – Westminster Dynamic Clean-Air Routing
Access to real-time air quality data is essential for citizens to make informed decisions about their daily activities, leading to a healthier and more sustainable environment for all.
While the city of Barcelona offers an array of options for optimizing urban mobility, these solutions are scattered across multiple applications. This fragmentation prevents residents from having a centralized and comprehensive overview of real-time mobility solutions.
Thinkz: Helping Smart Cities to Stand Out by Creating a REAL-TIME Presence
The Internet of Things is everywhere! Because raw IoT data has no practical value, Thinkz is building a network of real-time IoTs data, to provide instantly accurate verified information to all vehicles, apps, and autonomous machines.
System-centric applications are common in the IoT. By using the sensor data, M2M connectivity, and automation technologies that have long been part of the industrial landscape, IIoT includes machine learning and big data technology.
Data can help organizations save time and money by helping them identify inefficiencies and problems earlier. It can also help business intelligence efforts. IIoT provides promising possibilities for quality assurance, environmentally friendly practices, supply chain traceability, and overall supply chain effectiveness in the manufacturing industry.
Description
Gadgets are considered consumer devices in the domain of applications known as the Internet of Things (CIoT). Applications are not extremely crucial since data amount and rates are comparably low.
CIoT applications are consumer-centric, and applications can be categorized from personal to community use. Personal CIoT applications span from personal wearable products to smart home solution, whereas community applications vary from transportation with an increasing focus on public infrastructure.
Use Cases
Mobility
ICT
Health
Know Your Snow: Live Snow Plow Solution to Find Out in Real-Time Which Roads are Cleared of Snow
Track snow removal in real-time with intelligent mapping technology. Accessible online, see which areas have been cleared and which are still being worked on. Improve planning, safety, and efficiency with real-time snow removal mapping.
Real-Time Air quality & Mobility – Westminster Dynamic Clean-Air Routing
Access to real-time air quality data is essential for citizens to make informed decisions about their daily activities, leading to a healthier and more sustainable environment for all.
While the city of Barcelona offers an array of options for optimizing urban mobility, these solutions are scattered across multiple applications. This fragmentation prevents residents from having a centralized and comprehensive overview of real-time mobility solutions.
Thinkz: Helping Smart Cities to Stand Out by Creating a REAL-TIME Presence
The Internet of Things is everywhere! Because raw IoT data has no practical value, Thinkz is building a network of real-time IoTs data, to provide instantly accurate verified information to all vehicles, apps, and autonomous machines.
Source: Bhayani, Malay & Patel, Mehul & Bhatt, Chintan. (2016). Internet of Things (IoT): In a Way of Smart World. 10.1007/978-981-10-0767-5_37.
Source: Rosil, M. and Muts, I. (2022) The Cost of IoT: Ready-to-use vs. Custom IoT Solutions, Euristiq. Available at: https://euristiq.com/cost-of-iot/. (Accessed: November 8, 2022).
City Context
What supporting factors and characteristics of a city is this Solution fit for? What factors would ease implementation?
Smart cities make use information technology to beneficially transform operations, work, and the life of citizens (Harmon et al., 2015). The integration of smart systems with IoT-based smart products and services in a framework of smart cities requires the fulfilment of the following conditions:
Sensors: For IoT-based smart products, sensors are necessary components. These sensors will generate a tremendous amount of data.
Security: A smart city network is subject to cyber-attack. By authenticating users, authorized users can access securely.
Fault tolerance/fail safe: In the case of a power outage or disaster, critical infrastructure of IoT components need to be fault tolerant and fail-safe.
Energy harvesting: Smart sensors of IoT must be integrated with energy-harvesting processes for the devices to function for 10, 15, or 20 years without human intervention.
Connectivity: Both slow and fast sensors are supported by the IoT network. Therefore, connectivity of data can be achieved through network viewing and real-time streaming.
Manageability: The IoT network must include tools to enable remote management of these devices because a significant number of smart devices and sensors can be spread geographically across long distances.
Mesh-networked devices: IoT devices should be able to connect with one another without using a backend, distribute data across end nodes, and talk to other nearby devices for group processing.
Open APIs for citizens to enable service creation: The network for smart cities should make it possible to access shared data that is widely used and serve as a platform for the implementation of innovative applications.
Backend or cloud storage: Data and statistics are saved, analysed, and post-processed in storage, can be used to make large-scale choices over time.
Sensor network communication: IoT devices must communicate through using a variety of channels.
The successful implementation of IoT can lead to several clear benefits for cities, amongst them the enhancement of the infrastructure and services they provide to citizens and visitors on a daily basis, as well as their own internal operations. Due to the wide and diverse variety, and then application of IoT technology, the context of this on the city level is often just as broad.
Source: Harmon, Robert & Castro-Leon, Enrique & Bhide, Sandhiprakash. (2015). Smart cities and the Internet of Things. 485-494. 10.1109/PICMET.2015.7273174.
Supporting Factors
The successful implementation of IoT can lead to several clear benefits for cities, amongst them the enhancement of the infrastructure and services they provide to citizens and visitors on a daily basis, as well as their own internal operations. Due to the wide and diverse variety, and the application of IoT technology, the context of this on the city level is often just as broad.
However, there are a number of limiting factors towards this process. This includes the already highlighted issue of multiple standards of IoT-enabled devices. It is then partially dependent on the cities to make sure that they demand standards uniformity from their technology suppliers, on ensure that they use platforms which allow for cross-standard operability. This proactiveness of cities is important to ensure that all innovative, smart city technology can communicate with each other.
Supporting factors for IoT include:
Allaying the publics concerns about futuristic technology usage such as security issues like hacking personal data and privacy concerns
Ensuring all such devices ‘speak the same language’ so that IoT can function as it should and allow true interconnection
Avoiding the issue of disconnected islands of IoT networks
Government Initiatives
What efforts and policies are local/national public administrations undertaking to help further and support this Solution?
Government initiatives and EU level actions that support the deployment of IoT technologies include:
Digital strategy plans in EU scale are in place, which actively look to promote and develop cooperation with key stakeholders in the industry. This includes digital enterprises, relevant non-governmental organisations and academia (European Commission, Digital Strategy 2020). As well as this, the EU has a strategy for data, ensuring that policy proposals and legal solutions for the streamlining of data concerns can be carried out across national borders, within the single market area.
Another key initiative is the Digitising European Industry (DEI) focus area, wherein the EU places a high priority on platform interoperability, shared standardisation and innovation ecosystem building for technological innovation. To coincide with this, as a clear sign of support and recognition of the importance of the growth of IoT and related technologies, €400 million was made available by the Commission through the Horizon 2020 project to promote platform building and large-scale piloting efforts.
Stakeholder Mapping
Which stakeholders need to be considered (and how) regarding the planning and implementation of this Solution?
Market Potential
How big is the potential market for this Solution? Are there EU goals supporting the implementation? How has the market developed over time and more recently?
The demand for Internet of Things (IoT) products is growing across the world. The rollout of over 41 billion IoT devices is expected by 2025, according to the International Data Corporation (IDC).
Growth in the IoT market has been particularly notable in the European market, with a growth forecast of up to 2023 of nearly 10% annually. Furthermore, it is expected that by 2030 approximately 23% of all IoT devices will be located in Europe. European IoT adoption is being now led by Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands, while Eastern European nations and the Nordics are closely approaching (CBI, 2022). The global IoT market is expected to grow by roughly 60 billion euros in 2022, to an overall market size of c. 400 billion euros. The market has seen continued steady growth in the last few years, despite turbulence from the coronavirus pandemic and the Russian conflict in Ukraine.
Operating Models
Which business and operating models exist for this Solution? How are they structured and funded?
Operating model
Funding
Ownership/ Operation
Build-and-own model
Funded by reserves, bonds, tax revenue or a federal loan
A government or municipal agency
Subscription/5G model
Funded by private investments
Operation of a municipal IoT network to a third-party provider, such as cellular firms
Other models
Funded by public/private investments
A type of arrangement would likely be some form of public/private sector partnership
Relevant legal directives at the EU and national levels.
The European Union’s data and digital strategies help to promote and monitor legal regulation of IoT. This is especially important when considering the general public's and media's concerns for, amongst other things, data privacy and security protection. This enhanced legal certainty around IoT-enabled products and services will allow for greater ease of technology growth and widespread implementation.
In terms of GDPR, in situations where IoT involves the sharing of personal data, the 2018 European General Data Protection Regulation is enforceable. This is often the case with IoT devices, which depend on the collection and analysis of user data to function effectively. Providers of IoT services, under EU law, must take extensive measures to ensure the protection and security of such data.
In addition to the 2018 law, there is ongoing discussion around the implementation of an ePrivacy Regulation. This specific law would concern all electronic communications, including machine-to-machine dialogue. IoT technology providers and users should be aware of the likelihood of this law coming into practice, to future-proof their products and networks.
Data and Standards
Which relevant standards, data models and software are relevant to or required for this Solution?
A wide range of innovative technologies are available to assist the IoT:
Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE): The Bluetooth protocol is secure, affordable, limited in range, and power-efficient when compared to other wireless protocols. It boosts the connectivity of IoT devices and aids in lowering energy consumption.
ZigBee: The ZigBee protocol allows smart objects to talk to one another. A set of ZigBee protocol requirements for remote control, low-power radios are defined under the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard.
ZigBee IP: The first open standard is an IPv6-based full-mesh wireless network based on ZigBee IP. Without compromising on power or cost, the technology enables simple control of thousands of devices to offer seamless Internet connectivity.
Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN): It is a protocol designed to operate with Media Access Control (MAC) to handle massive public networks with a single operator. It redistributes data over a range of radio channels and transmission rates using coded messages as opposed to narrowband transmission.
6LoWPAN: Among the most important IoT protocols are 6LoWPAN protocols. Sensors and small IoT devices may safely and securely connect with one another with wireless 6LoWPAN modules. IEEE 802.15.4 was initially intended to serve as the foundation for 6LoWPAN, which specifies how low power wireless networks should operate at 2.4 GHz.
LTE Advanced (LTE-A): The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network standard, which represents the newest 4G network technology, was developed in 2008. LTE-A (advanced) enhances the architecture of LTE. This entails raising network capacity, spectrum efficiency, power efficiency, and operator cost reduction.
Z-Wave: In the wireless Z-Wave technology, low energy radio waves are used. The system is largely used to operate wirelessly connected household equipment including lighting, security, thermostats, garage door openers, etc.
RPL, RPL Enhancements and CORPL: The IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) released a brand-new protocol in 2012 called Distance Vector Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). When using RPL, a Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG), there is only one way to get from any leaf node to any root node. To enhance the functionality of the fundamental RPL protocol, numerous improvements have been proposed. The CORPL protocol relies on DODAG. By selecting multiple forwarders opportunistically, nodes will update each other according to the updated information.
CARP and E-CARP: Channel Aware Routing System (CARP) is a non-standard distributed routing protocol utilized in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). This method uses less energy and delivers packets in a fair amount of time.
Message Queue Telemetry Transport: The messaging protocol known as Messaging Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT), which first appeared in 2003, links embedded devices with middleware and applications.
Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP): The CoRE (Constrained Resource Environments) group created the IETF standard known as Constrained Application Protocol. Similar to HTTP, CoAP has a client-server interaction architecture. CoAP solutions that can serve as both clients and servers are typically used in machine-to-machine communication.
Source: Vaigandla, Karthik & Radha, Krishna & Allanki, Sanyasi Rao. (2021). A Study on IoT Technologies, Standards and Protocols. 10.17697/ibmrd/2021/v10i2/166798.
Use Cases
Explore real-life examples of implementations of this Solution.
Waste
Smart Waste Management in Cardiff
Cardiff's Smart Waste Management initiative utilizes IoT sensors in bins across the city to optimize trash collection routes, reduce operational costs, and minimize the environmental footprint by preventing overflow and reducing collection trips.
Logroño City Council created a central database that also includes the management of pre-programmed resources, open data resources and big data for public use to become a more efficient and effective Smart City.
Smart public transit - NFC+QR stickers for Tartu Smart City
Mobi Lab installed smart stickers on every one of the 294 bus stops in Tartu. The stickers have pre-programmed NFC chips and QR codes to load real-time data of upcoming buses. The system uses GPS data from moving buses and helps daily commuters be aware of any delays in the schedule.
Mobi Lab built a mobile phone application for Tartu Smart City for citizens to access real-time bus schedule information and find the closest bus stops.
Dublin City Council use real-time bus location data, SCATS controlled intersections, and DPTIM to significantly reduce public bus journey times time throughout the city.
To help offer equitable access to 5G in Dublin, Dublin City Council’s Smart Docklands programme has partnered with Dense Air and CONNECT Research Centre, to prototype a ground-breaking neutral host small cell 5G network.
Smart urban street furniture are a very tangible manifestation of the Smart City; helping to increase the attractiveness of public spaces by providing public service information, and connectivity, while at the same time enabling the collection of important environmental data.
Thanks to the latest generation of luminaires, comprehensive sensor technology and the use of specially developed artificial intelligence (AI), a model project has created a dynamic-adaptive lighting control system for street lighting with energy savings of around 77%.
The installation of a permanent counting station for bicycles in Ulm had a high public profile in Ulm. The Eco-compteur sensor installed there detects cyclists and the direction of travel of the bicycles. The data collected there is made available to the public.
Sensors at bus stops tell the bus drivers when there are people waiting for the bus, so that people can stand inside of the weather protection, without risking to miss the bus.
Istanbul Senin: One App for all Municipality Services to its Citizens
Largest Metropolis of Europe, Istanbul managed to consolidate its municipal services in a single City SuperApp. 16 Million inhabitants are offered a direct communication channel with the municipality and citizen journeys digitally optimized. Over 3 million people downloaded and utilized the SuperApp
Braga - Better information through better data integration
The Mobility Innovation “Roadmap to an effective traffic control centre” aims to develop an efficient strategy for traffic system management in Braga, and to implement this strategy to improve the current situation by combining all existing and new information sources.
Integration of standardised sensors and systems within wide area networks (WAN) utilizing LoRaWAN. The demonstration and usage of LoRaWAN network for connecting sensors and devices through a low energy, low frequency bandwidth will allow for the connection of sensors in cellars and across district.
Tampere adopts new methods to identify and evaluate effective climate actions
Tampere wanted to understand the potential of new climate actions and take the policy development in their own hands. Tampere and Kausal collaborated and developed an interactive climate scenario assessment platform for cities.
Active Environmentally Sensitive Traffic Management
The use case, as part of the DAnalytics project ('Darmstadt-Analytics - Advanced Analytics for the City of Science Darmstadt'), enables more targeted control of traffic volumes through intelligent traffic sensors and guidance systems, thereby ensuring smoother traffic flows.
Digital technology, in this case the use of sensors, will determine the water requirements of trees in Darmstadt in the future. In this way, water can be allocated more effectively and efficiently, and the preservation of urban greenery will be improved.
Know Your Snow: Live Snow Plow Solution to Find Out in Real-Time Which Roads are Cleared of Snow
Track snow removal in real-time with intelligent mapping technology. Accessible online, see which areas have been cleared and which are still being worked on. Improve planning, safety, and efficiency with real-time snow removal mapping.
Smart Bike Light: Crowd-Sourcing Cycling Data for Better Planning
The smart bike light, which flashes in accordance with its surroundings, collects data including real-time location of journeys, speed, dwell time, road surface quality, collisions and qualitative survey data.
Lighting Grid Network to deploy 5G and improve city services
The City of Tampere has embedded a wireless gigabit network in the lighting fixtures, creating a neutral host network to branch out from fiber point-of-presence to the full granularity of the lighting grid. Benefits include enhancing public services and densifying public 5G networks.
To save valuable time, fire brigade and ambulance service vehicles are given preferential treatment at traffic lights in Ludwigsburg. In the test phase it is being examined whether backlog can be avoided and how faster emergency vehicles reach their destination.
DUOL wanted to improve the after sales service for their air domes. A Smart Air Dome monitoring and management solution was installed by Solvera Lynx, which enables remote monitoring and management of the air dome status and its subsystems.
Smart traffic signals synchronized to prioritize cleaner vehicles
Traffic lights equipped with signal priority systems give environmentally sound trucks a green light faster than others, reducing their travel time. This works as an incentive for cleaner vehicles.
Travel Demand Management and Smart Guiding to Alternative Fuel Stations
A smart phone application is developed to follow up and influence changes in travel behaviour towards a healthier and environmentally friendly travel and commuter process.
The Smart Tower is a smart solution that provides enhanced wireless access networks. The aim is to support the growing demand of mobile connectivity in the city for broadband mobile connections, IoT services, etc.
As part of a pilot project to improve air quality in Ludwigsburg, filtration expert MANN+HUMMEL has donated a CityTree to the city. With the CityTree, MANN+HUMMEL would like to test sensors for fine dust or other harmful gases, in order to use them in future digital products.
Beacon-Based Indoor Routing as a Mobility Service App
Simplifying transitions between different modes of transport is a challenge for multimodal mobility. This measure focuses on the special transport needs of deaf and blind people via the creation of an app.
Trafiklab - Together we Create the Future of Public Transport
Trafiklab gathers, in a single open data platform, information about transport in Sweden and makes Application Programming Interfaces (API’s) available to everyone, so that users can develop and share smartphone apps.
Setting up and maintaining connectivity, data platform and storage, can be a barrier for SMEs wishing to enter the IOT market. By providing the infrastructure, the barriers to entry were significantly lowered allowing local companies to experiement, scale up and market solutions.
Plugging the next-generation IoT into a data-driven city in Spain
Cartagena is planning to create a new approach to urban security, surveillance, and event monitoring. They've formed a public-private partnership and received funding from EIT Digital 2022, which supports a digital Europe.
Smart Data analysis for Mobility and Transport Planning
Mobility data, data analysis, big data – these terms are all rather abstract. With “So bewegt sich Deutschland” (How Germany moves), Telefónica NEXT has created an interactive map that takes the data and uses it to visualise nationwide traffic flows.
With increasing pollution becoming one of the biggest struggles of cities, they have to collect precise air quality data before initiating concrete measures. In this project Telefonica Next uses anonymised mobile network data to calculate air pollution.
The bus company in Stavanger planned to replace a ferry connection with bus routes. The web application from Maptrends delivered unique insights based on real time information collected from anonymised SIM card data which helped the company with planning the most cost effective and convenient routes
The goal is to encourage data enabled solutions i.e. solutions which make use of the data available by organising events such as hackathons. Grass root approach adopted to identify citizen challenges, giving participants a guideline on which challenges they could possibly solve using the data.
The City of Alkmaar was able to gain a greater understanding of its road safety situation through using Bridgestone's latest, data-driven, smart city solution.
Optimization of multi modal traffic data to reduce traffic through center of Eindhoven
In Eindhoven, Vinotion implemented a system to do traffic measurement which would help to redefine spatial planning, create safer situation and lower traffic through the city center using an overview camera with real time artificial intelligence using low power hardware.
The City of Munich has built a platform to collect and handle all generated smart city data. In a concept named "Data Gatekeeper", all elements that are important for a city are discussed. This includes data privacy, data classification and anonymisation, use case building and data modelling.
Intelligent lamp posts were installed to trial sensors for smart data collection in Munich. Additionally, the lamp posts can provide free wifi access (M-WLAN). The lamp posts are used as "urban labs" to test digital services and their benefits.
The use of databases is essential in modern project management. The essential question is hence whether the data collecting and processing changes in the implementation process are open or closed sourced. Smarter Together Vienna chose an open source solution based on FIWARE.
The aim of the SCORE project was to create open access to key watercourse and rainfall data across a number of sites in the city. With the increase in high intensity rainfall events Aberdeen needs to create greater resilience and adaption measures.
Distribution Systems Area Data Monitoring in Italy
A pilot project to develop, implement and test in the field, innovative devices to demonstrate the technical feasibility of increasing the monitoring of the distribution grid and the controllability of renewable energy sources connected at lower voltage levels.
Data4City – In Use for Safe School and Leisure Routes
In cooperation with parents, children and other stakeholders, Data4City offers a precise collection of digital on-site information for safe school and leisure routes. This provides the relevant authorities with a data base for the efficient creation of school routes.
Flooding Innovation: Real-Time Data for the Dublin Region
Dublin City is getting new ‘smart’ rainfall sensors to give it an early-warning system to protect against flooding. This figure is increasing due to sea-level rises and more intense rainfall.
3D modelling technology is used to create three-dimensional digital representations of objects or surfaces. It helped developers and city planners to visualise new opportunities and communicate the impact of existing and proposed developments in Dublin.
Strætó bs: How public transport in Reykjavík became data-driven
Urban mobility is changing. Public transport must improve and, at the same time, expand its services. More and more data is being collected and used for mobility management. That is why more and more entities are turning to data, understanding that it is crucial for their services and for citizens.
The data control of the city will be provided from this centre. All software and hardware facilities of the developing world will be used by designing them in the most appropriate way for the city for better, faster and more efficient service.
Reducing Traffic Induced Emissions in Mainz Through Data
The densely populated urban structure and increasing road traffic have presented the city of Mainz with the challenge of reducing harmful emissions and sustainably improving air quality without having to resort to drastic and undifferentiated measures such as general driving bans.
Devices collect data from city streets using sensors on public transport and garbage collection vehicles. By utilizing existing tools, we aim to efficiently use public resources. Analysis of the collected data will help determine service priorities and improve intervention and service efficiency.
Urban data platforms build the basis for a multitude of applications in a Smart City. An urban data platform intends to map, store and integrate data from different stakeholders of the Smart City ecosystem.
An intelligent and connected public space collects data in public areas and displays or reacts on the data. The data can be securely transferred via Wi-Fi or other similar technologies to be, i.e. combined with a central system.
Smart streetlights enable the reduction of running expenses associated with public lighting by delivering several value-added services to cities and citizens.